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So last week I went to see the new King Kong with [livejournal.com profile] theatrgirl, more out of professional masochism than anything else, really. I was not aware of the one selling point that might have gotten me to the movies otherwise (Adrian Brody) and Charlize Theron really bothers me (and until yesterday I was convinced that it was she, and not Naomi Watts, who played Ann Darrow, and really, the two of them measure at the identical mediocre-okay level of acting talent, like a 6.1 or something like that, and are functionally interchangeable from everything I have ever seen).

But yeah, um, the movie.

The thing about King Kong is, it is a deeply racist story. And while the colonial narrative aspect of it can be meta-ed into self-referentiality by the dimestore Jimmy Olsen's reading of "Heart of Darkness," remake or not, social commentary or not, I sort of don't see how you could ever tell that story in a way that didn't serve up to the public the inherent racism of the basic plot. I mean, you could do it as some kind of postmodern from-King-Kong's POV existential sort of thing, but then it wouldn't be an adventure story. Because really, it is a colonial narrative of white "adventureres" coming to an island filled with very "other" savages, where the blondest, whitest woman gets kidnapped, straight out of all the Native captivity legends, and "sacrificed" to the Giant Ape that is metonymically linked to the natives portrayed as subhuman/inhuman. Then, naturally, she falls in love with him/his virility, because he is so BIG (if you know what I mean) and, to put it crudely, the subtext of that film is, "once you go black, you can't go back." Think about it: the original was made in the 1930s, back when those "evolutionary" ascent-of-man diagrams of ape ---> non-white-slouching-man---->white totally erectus man were Science, rather than evidence of the complicity of science in the discourse of racism.
racistdiagram
King Kong is that dialectical convergence--"the savage other" as the object of both fear and desire, which are alternately articulated and sublimated, depending on which one happens to be more lucrative at any given point. As Michael Taussig wrote about "otherness in the primeval jungle" in :” Shamanism, Colonialism and the Wild Man: “it must not be overlooked that the colonially constructed image of the wild Indian was a powerfully ambiguous image, a seesawing, bifocalized and hazy composite of the animal and the human...In their human or humanlike form, the wild Indians could all the better reflect back to the colonists vast and baroque projections of human wildness.” Yes, indeed. Human Wildness? (eventually desublimated even in the fey cowardly silver screen star) Check. (NB: also mapping as "wild and baroque" are the elaborate CGI creatures that really can only be described in one way--VAGINA DENTATA--that the men battle in between their altercations with the dinosaurs and the spiders).

But back to What It All Is Actually About. Here's the thing: the racism of the original movie could exist in its historical context as an uninterrogated adventure trope. Clearly, that is impossible in 2005, and there are weak, diluted attempts to "comment" on the way the White Adventurers engage with the Savages (Jack Black keeps trying to force a chocolate on a native child in a manner that is as patronizing as it is obnoxious, and even his companions are appalled), but the end result? The child BITES Jack Black. (Which is really viscerally satisfying on some level, since the plot point that challenged my suspensions of disbelief the most was the fact that everyone kept rescuing Jack Black time and again, despite the fact that he was clearly instigating every misfortune that befell the crew members and in general was so sociopathic that he made John Malkovich in "Shadow of the Vampire" seem like a Kohlberg Stage 6 sort of chap) but you know, the child is SAVAGE. With SHARP TEETH. Whatever "critique" the filmmakers tried to pack into the third-act Broadway dramatization of the first act, when the island encounter, the captivity and the rescue, are replayed, complete with on-purpose caricaturesque natives and the visual referents to the World Fairs of Yore? All that exists in total disconnect from how these Natives are portrayed during the original encounter on the island: perpetually in trance, foaming at the mouth, displaying only whites of their eyes, because their irises are rolled back in their heads. They seem unwashed, gratuitously decorated with pieces of bones, piercings, tattoos and necklaces made of sculls. They are filmed with a jerky MTV-on-meth camera. Can it be read as "commentary"? Well, I guess explicitly racist visual semiotics ARE commentary in and of themselves, but commentary doth not a critique make. Whatever vague references the film engages in, simply by the virtue of being produced not in an ahistorical vacuum but in a postcolonial milieu, the natives are served up to the audience in a completely straight fashion. We, the viewers, are POV-ing/identifying with the white progagonists, and we are supposed to be repulsed by and frightened of the violent natives, and we are, thanks to the cinematography and the soundtrack. The film positions us as consumers of our own fear of the Native Savage and rapidly reproduces the process of the socialization into the colonial mindset in the darkness of the movie theater.

The entire coda of the movie can, of course, be read as the tragedy of importing the "satellite subject" into the metropole--a story you can read in Voltaire's "The Ingenu" or watch in Bontoc Eulogy. But any implications of the consequences of transforming a colonial subject into an object-for-display are fed right back into the same old discourse of undifferentiated Savage Brutality (the see-saw of fear and desire, again), and in this case, channeled into the weird semiotics of Violence + Tall Building in New York = Intervention by Very Patriotic Heroic American Planes, a.k.a. a revisioninst 9/11 wish fulfillment fantasy. And how is this framed? What is the text? Why, "it was beauty that killed the beast," this stamping the entire enterprise with a soothing genre prescription: you have just watched a fairy tale. And as we all know, fairy tales happen in a chronotope that is both long ago and far away... try to not project your wild and baroque postcolonial critiques onto it...it's just a fairy tale...a very, very racist fairy tale...

didn't you get the memo???

Date: 2005-12-29 08:15 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] mashuta.livejournal.com
Image (http://www.economist.com/opinion/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=5327621&no_na_tran=1)

my love/hate relationship with The Economist

Date: 2005-12-29 08:46 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] flintultrasparc.livejournal.com
Dear Sir:

That wasn't to bad a summary of genetic research of human origins, evolutionary psychology, evolutionary anthropology, and game theory.

Though I was really amused when The Economist argued that the primary evolutionary drive for wealth was that bitches and hos like bling-bling:

"That may be because incomes above a certain level are as much about status as about material well-being. Particularly if you are a man, status buys the best mates, and frequently more of them. But status is always relative. It does not matter how much you earn if the rest of your clan earn more. People (and men, in particular) are always looking for ways to enhance their status—and a good income is an excellent way of doing so. Aristotle Onassis, a man who knew a thing or two about both wealth and women, once said: “If women didn't exist, all the money in the world would have no meaning.” Perhaps the founding father of economics is not really Adam Smith, who merely explained how to get rich, but Charles Darwin, who helped to explain why."

That jews are bred to be bankers I found hard to swallow:

"Until a century or two ago, the Ashkenazim—the Jews of Europe—were often restricted by local laws to professions such as banking, which happened to require high intelligence. This is the sort of culturally created pressure that might drive one of Dr Deacon's feedback loops for mental abilities (though it must be said that Dr Deacon himself is sceptical about this example). Dr Cochran, however, suspects that this is exactly what happened. He thinks the changes in the brain brought about by the genes in question will be shown to enhance intelligence when only one copy of a given disease gene is present (you generally need two copies, one from each parent, to suffer the adverse symptoms). Indeed, in the case of Gaucher's disease, which is not necessarily lethal, there is evidence that sufferers are more intelligent than average. If Ashkenazi Jews need to be more intelligent than others, such genes will spread, even if they sometimes cause disease."

I will concede that painting, dancing, singing, carving, rhetoric and other displays of intelligence and abstract thinking are very sexy.

peee essss

Date: 2005-12-29 08:16 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] mashuta.livejournal.com
have you been hearing much/paying any attention to the new Made-4-TV Master and Margarita that's sweeping the motherland?

Re: peee essss

Date: 2005-12-29 08:19 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
I've read about the cast. Anthropapa is going to Moscow on the 2nd for three weeks. His friend named Misha Bulgakov (I shit you not) (whose wife's name is Anna Akhmatova, I shit you not redux) is videotaping it for him and he said once he and my mom watch it they will send it to me.

Re: peee essss

Date: 2005-12-30 07:51 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] mashuta.livejournal.com
i still think you were shitting me.

what's anthropapa gonna do in moskva?

Re: peee essss

Date: 2005-12-30 07:54 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
nope, it's true! And Anthropapa is the one who introduced them back in the days of their youth.

He is going for a short winter session with some students, and you know, in the meantime, to see friends and family and such.
(deleted comment)

Date: 2005-12-29 01:52 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
tell me about "My Demon Lover"!
(deleted comment)

Date: 2005-12-30 02:23 am (UTC)

Date: 2005-12-29 01:16 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] theorybitch.livejournal.com
Adding insult to injury, did you notice that the 'natives' on Skull Islad were actually in blackface? Wtf....

Date: 2005-12-29 01:51 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
dude, I missed that! I think my brain must have refused to process that, in the spirit of "one more thing and we are having a seizure."

Date: 2005-12-29 03:29 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] nearly-there.livejournal.com
You know, I had thought that they were in blackface at first, and decided that it couldn't possibly be true, homage to the 30s (or whatever ridiculous justification he might have) aside. Then I stopped thinking about that because I was horrified by the 'natives = slightly more human orcs' thing. But I totally believe it.

Date: 2005-12-30 03:51 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com

'natives = slightly more human orcs'

I don't know how much more "human" than orcs they were...

Date: 2005-12-29 03:19 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] redheadedmuse.livejournal.com
Thank you for writing this. I've been squirming uncomfortably watching more and more people on my flist review this flick as if it was, well, a normal movie, and wondering: WTF happened to all my friends? I know it's a movie about a giant ape, but there seems to be an increasingly large elephant in the room called "race"! The lack of self-criticism and perpetuation of racist stereotypes bothered me in Jackson's LOTR, and when I saw the trailers for Kong I just about lost it in the theater. I'm impressed that you were able to sit through it, so I can point people at your review when they wonder why I won't.

Date: 2005-12-30 02:21 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
I'm impressed that you were able to sit through it,

Like I said...professional interest/masochism.

Date: 2005-12-29 04:48 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] circekills.livejournal.com
you are so awesome. i can't even write how awesome you are.

Date: 2005-12-30 02:17 am (UTC)

Date: 2005-12-29 05:20 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] yanatonage.livejournal.com
I love it when you put on your "pop academic" hat.

Date: 2005-12-30 02:18 am (UTC)

Date: 2005-12-29 05:42 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] apropos.livejournal.com
Get ready for Pirates of the Carribean 2: Dead Man's Chest, featuring pirate-eating cannibals!

Date: 2005-12-30 02:17 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
eeeeeeexcellent.

have I told you how much I heart that icon?

Date: 2005-12-29 06:16 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] flintultrasparc.livejournal.com
Kohlberg Stage 6

What stage is King Kong at?

Date: 2005-12-30 02:16 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
stage 2 I imagine?

Date: 2005-12-29 06:27 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] chelvis.livejournal.com
I'm not buying the 9/11 link, but I'll buy the racist & colonial arguments. These things, by the way - with artists, filmmakers, etc., - it's never intentional, it's just that critics & smart people can see what dumb people are thinking about with their popular fantasy, drama. And it's fun for us, coming up with half-revealed meanings.

also - I think the original KONG may have happened a bit after the scottsboro alabama rape case, so that maybe plays in too.

Date: 2005-12-30 02:24 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com

also - I think the original KONG may have happened a bit after the scottsboro alabama rape case, so that maybe plays in too.


really? That is really intersting. I didn't know that.

Date: 2005-12-29 08:48 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] goddessspiral.livejournal.com
excellent post on the King Kong movie and it's origins. I actually have another LJ friend ([livejournal.com profile] ping_win) who posted on the racism and I was so glad to see you did as well. I even went over and commented on her post to recommend yours. LOL

I always like how when you critique popular movies and such I end up learning so much about other things. Like I had never seen that picture of evolution and how it obviously has racist undertones.

Date: 2005-12-29 10:29 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] paracelsus.livejournal.com
Oh, it's good to hear Michael Taussig getting a shout-out. He's an Aussie you know, so there's all kinds of parallel issues about academics from the antipodean periphery being cited by those working in the Euro-American centre of the Empire. People bitch about people who've 'made it', of course, but I think he's got the goods. Speaking of missives from the exterior, did you get that CD?

Great review, but I wonder if drawing the parallel between 'then-and-now racism' provides an opportunity to talk about changes in cinematic technique (MTV on meth) in close relation to issues of content. I don't know much about cinema myself, but your thoughts would be interesting... and for all I have read about the gendered cinematic gaze and stuff, I recently came across an article connecting the cinematic special effect to racialised discourses (blackface, horror effects) that got me thinking. That evolutionary diagram could easily be made into a chronotope.

Date: 2005-12-30 03:50 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
I am a Taussig groupie even as I am bemused by his total Mick Jaggerness vis-a-vis his students.

Have not gotten the CD!! When did you send it? Mail is more delinquent around the holidays...

I wonder if drawing the parallel between 'then-and-now racism' provides an opportunity to talk about changes in cinematic technique (MTV on meth) in close relation to issues of content.

I think cinematography is obviously a part of the visual semiotics, but sort of by proxy. I mean, I don't think there is "racist" camerawork, but there are cinematographic conventions for "scary" (with a particular subcategory of primal in-your-face scary as opposed to long tracking shot suspense-building scary), editing is inherently manipulative, so what does that mean when you use that to make the audience afraid of the Very Savage Savages?

I recently came across an article connecting the cinematic special effect to racialised discourses (blackface, horror effects)

Do you remember what the article was? I'd love to read it. You are always a source of intersting information!



Date: 2005-12-30 11:13 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] theorybitch.livejournal.com
taussig is like the good, queer mick jagger. i was impressed that you quoted him too -- although truthfully, in australia, outside of anthropology, no-one knows who the hell he is.

Date: 2005-12-30 01:10 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] billetdoux.livejournal.com
I'll be up front and say I don't agree with you, but I'm curious: how can you talk about the impossibility of an "ahistorical vacuum", but completely ignore everything we know about the film's production, its filmmaker and its circumstances. Peter Jackson's hardly been called a racist before, nor can we presume to understand his view of race, New York, 9/11 or patriotism, as he isn't even from this country. It's folly to ignore the deep racial history and conflict of his own native country, as much as it is to ignore what we know about the reason he made this movie - because he's wanted to ever since he was a little boy, ever since it first introduced him to the magic of cinema. I'm not saying any of this defends it, but it certainly bears consideration.

Date: 2005-12-30 02:14 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
I am more interested in a historical context of production and circulation of a movie, and how the tropes and symbols are situated in their own history and evolution than Author's Intent and the biographical criticism approach. Peter Jackson's personal motives for making this film don't really have anything to do with the things that are integral to the story that do make it a racist, colonial narrative, that can't help but reproduce certain stereotypes and fetishes, if it is to remain the adventure story that it is. You don't have to be a racist to engage in and reproduce racist categories in language or in visual symbols.

Date: 2005-12-30 07:17 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] billetdoux.livejournal.com
I don't disagree with you, but I'm saying it's disingenuous to read the signs and symbols in this fashion. That is not his vocabulary at all. Peter Jackson gives us no reason to interpret the signs in that manner. I can see a racist interpretation, of course - and I see you never outright call him or the film a racist - but it's a heavy charge in this day and age, and it seems irresponsible to levy it on people simply because of the way we choose to interpret a visual language while consciously ignoring the way they might have meant it in the making.

Date: 2005-12-30 07:57 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
but I am not reading Peter Jackson, and I didn't even really mention him in my review. My point is, the story, THE TEXT is inherently racist, and if you or me or Peter Jackson or ANYONE adapts it in a straightforward, rather than some kind of subversive fashion, keeping it an adventure story, which requires things like fearful natives, it is going to be one racist story.

it's disingenuous to read the signs and symbols in this fashion

Why? Signs and symbols exist in the context of the larger culture and I read them as such. The director's or author's intent or personal vocabulary is neither here, nor there. I'm sure Peter Jackson didn't set out to make a racist movie. That he made one has to do with the history of these symbols and tropes and not much with his own personal preferences.

Date: 2005-12-30 07:58 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
in a straightforward FASHION.

gah I can't write today.

Date: 2005-12-30 08:35 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] billetdoux.livejournal.com
This is why I've always hated semiotics. There is no larger culture - at least not one that is consistent, and easily decipherable. The whole theory - well, the basics of it - pre-supposes some sort of consistency of meaning behind signifiers in a coherent, unchanging culture that just doesn't exist. We don't create, impart meaning or interpret consistently. One party or group insisting that certain sympols hold a universal, consistent meaning to all or to many never struck me as at all possible. There's a germ of a clever idea in the theory of semiotics, sure, but it can't go very far. Between two close friends, or perhaps a close-knit subculture. Beyond that, though, it strikes me as guesswork, with a group of followers who are naturally blinded to the real-world faults of their abstract theory by it's cleverness.

Date: 2005-12-30 10:41 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
of courser signifiers are fluid and inconsistent, and they can either change over time, historically, or they can be used subversively and thus have the meaning that challenges what they represent conventionally. But the sort of racist history that this movie taps into did exist--in "evolutionary" diagrams, in frenology, in ethnography, in explicit regard of indigenous natives from colonized countries as subhuman, closer to animals/monkeys than to "civilized" westerners, etc. etc. Things in King Kong reference many of these things very obviously, and not in a way that I perceived to be at all critical. We are still supposed to be afraid of these natives, the narrative says, because they are so Savage and Scary, and they will kidnap the blonde white woman for their monkey deity. And if we are not scared, then the narrative fails as an adventure story where suspense and fear/excitement are necessary components to make us invested in the tale.

Date: 2006-01-01 08:06 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] theodora.livejournal.com
But many metaphors and tropes are consistent. They're consistent because they have the same root -- physical experience -- and we have the same bodies. To say that it's impossible to talk about what's imparted by narratives that use colors or sounds to signify is itself disingenuous, because it insists that our primary experiences aren't physical, or that power relationships aren't something we're hugely cued to recognize. And that's certainly a fairy tale, except one that adults are all trying desperately to buy, most of the time.

Date: 2006-01-02 12:40 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] billetdoux.livejournal.com
because it insists that our primary experiences aren't physical, or that power relationships aren't something we're hugely cued to recognize.

To this I would say two things - first, to many people, their primary experiences AREN'T physical. But more to the point, it doesn't insist that "power relationships aren't something we're hugely cued to recognize," but rather it insists that that is the only thing we're cued to recognize, and that it's always the most important thing for the one doing the signifying, which is manifestly false. Even within the physical realm, we can't say what's important enough to warrant signifying and why for other people. It's not that these things aren't very common and we don't often have similar reactions, but they're certainly not universal, with all of us having identical reactions.

Date: 2005-12-30 02:20 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lapsedmodernist.livejournal.com
Peter Jackson's hardly been called a racist before

Also, w/r/t that--there was a lot of conversation about the racist in LoTR movies (of course it should be noted, there is plenty of racism in LoTR books as well).

Date: 2005-12-30 07:31 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] billetdoux.livejournal.com
I like "the racist." I think it was Sam. He was so anti-gollum. ;)
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